为了寻求更好的生活质量，越来越多的美国人搬到了较小的城市。
美国人口普查局的数据显示，这些人正离开洛杉矶、芝加哥和纽约，搬到中等规模的城市，例如凤凰城、拉斯维加斯和达拉斯。
对这些二线城市来说，一个巨大的吸引力是住房成本在工资中占的比例小了很多。根据美国人口普查局的统计，有超过一半的人因住房原因搬迁，他们要寻找一个新的或更好的家，更便宜的住房，或买房而不是租房。
在曼哈顿租一个住处每月花费大约4,100美元。这几乎是纽约市家庭年收入中位数83,500美元的三分之二。买房更是遥不可及，当地平均房价为110万美元。
在2012年至2017年的五年间，有超过五十万人离开了纽约市的曼哈顿、布朗克斯、布鲁克林和皇后区。
洛杉矶是美国国内净流失人口最多的大都市地区。那里房租约为每月2,100美元，约占当地平均收入的38％。房价约为63美元，几乎是平均年薪66,000美元的10倍。
洛杉矶县五年中的流失人口大约381,000人。
报告显示，凤凰城地区的生活成本要低得多，那里过去五年来净增人口为221,000人，比美国其他任何地区都多。
凤凰城的平均家庭收入约为63,000美元，租金约为每月1,100美元，房屋的中位数价格为28万美元，比洛杉矶大都市区少35万美元。
在拉斯维加斯地区，房屋租金（1,000美元）只占平均工资的21％（57,000美元），而平均房价约为273,000美元。
分析显示，最吸引人迁入地区的房价比那些人口减少幅度最大的地区要便宜两倍。
芝加哥似乎是个例外。人们离开那里是为了摆脱高税收。那里财产税比美国几乎任何其他地方都高。
More Americans are moving to smaller cities in search of a better quality of life.
They’re leaving places like Los Angeles, Chicago and New York for mid-sized cities such as Phoenix, Las Vegas and Dallas, according to an analysis of data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
A huge draw for these second-tier cities is that the cost of housing consumes a much smaller chunk of people’s salaries. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, more than half of the people who move do so for housing-related reasons. They’re looking for a new or better home, cheaper housing, or to buy a home rather than rent.
It costs about $4,100 a month to rent a place in Manhattan. That’s almost two-thirds of New York City’s median household income of $83,500. Buying a home is even more out of reach. The average cost of a home in the area is $1.1 million.
More than half a million people left the New York boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens over a five-year period between 2012 and 2017.
In Los Angeles, the metropolitan county with the largest outbound net domestic migration, rent costs about $2,100 a month — about 38 percent of average income. Houses cost around $630,000, almost 10 times the average annual salary of $66,000.
LA County lost about 381,000 people over a five-year period.
According to the report, the cost of living can be a lot less expensive in the Phoenix area, which welcomed more net domestic newcomers over the past five years — 221,000 people — than any other part of the country.
The average household income in Phoenix is about $63,000, rent is about $1,100 a month, and the median price of a house is $280,000 — that’s $350,000 less than in the LA metropolitan area.
In the Las Vegas area, the rent ($1,000) will only consume 21 percent of the average salary ($57,000) and purchasing a house would set a buyer back about $273,000.
The analysis found that housing is about two times cheaper in the top markets that attracted people than in the areas that are losing the most in terms of population.
Chicago appears to be an exception. People are leaving the Windy City to get away from high taxes. Property taxes are higher there than almost anywhere else in the United States.
It is not as though the places that are losing people are suffering due to the exodus. Eight of the 10 counties with the biggest net population losses are still growing overall because of births and immigration.